Medical English

Author: Betler
Publisher:
Publish Date: 1999-03-01
Features:
1. Cough (v) to expel air and mucus, with force, from the lungs through the mouth.
People with colds cough and spread the cold virus through the air.
2. Sneeze (v) to expel air and mucus, with force, from the lungs through the nose.
If you have a cold, you should cover your nose when you sneeze.
3. Spit (v) to release saliva with force through the mouth.
Infectious organisms found in saliva are released when people spit.
4. Spread (v) to scatter, to release over a large area.
Infections are spread by coughing, spitting, and sneezing.
5. Crowd (n) a large number of people or things in a small space (crowded).
Crowded (adj) many people or things pushed together.
A crowd of people transmits many disease-causing organisms.
Many disease-causing organisms spread in a crowd.
An epidemic can start on a crowded bus.
Different pedigrees illustrate different patterns of inheritance.
Pedigrees involving genetic diseases are usually studied rather than pedigrees concerned with normal traits because there are more pedigrees of diseases and abnormal conditions.
An autosomal gene exhibits the same pattern of transmission whether the trait it determines is normal or abnormal.
We will examine pedigree charts of autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive patterns of inheritance.
Diagram A is an example of a pedigree chart of a family in which an autosomal dominant trait was transmitted to many of the kindred (members of a family).
Certain characteristics of the pattern of transmission lead the geneticist to conclude that the trait is determined by an autosomal gene. First, equal numbers of women and men are affected. Second, the affected man in the third generation transmitted