What is the 3 more and 1 less of diabetes?

Patient's question:

I have always been quite healthy, but recently I've been urinating much more frequently and have been feeling very weak. So, I went to the hospital for a thorough check-up and found out that I actually have diabetes. I often hear some fellow patients mentioning something called "3 more and 1 less," but I don't know what the "3 more and 1 less" of diabetes refers to?

Doctor's answer:

Diabetic patients primarily exhibit symptoms such as excessive thirst, frequent urination, and increased appetite, along with abnormal weight loss. If blood sugar control is poor, it can lead to severe weight loss, requiring early monitoring of blood sugar levels. Adjustments to the type and dosage of hypoglycemic medications should be made based on specific blood sugar readings. Additionally, dietary management is crucial—reducing the intake of sweet foods and controlling total caloric intake can help improve blood sugar levels.

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