What are the reasons that can cause fetal cleft lip?

Patient's question:

No

Doctor's answer:

The exact cause and pathogenesis of developmental and fusion disorders have not yet been fully clarified. Research suggests that they may be divided into two aspects: genetic factors and environmental factors, and are related to factors such as nutrition, genetics, infection, endocrine, and others.
1. Genetic factors. In patients with cleft lip, similar deformities may also be found in their direct or collateral relatives, suggesting that cleft lip deformity is related to genetics to some extent. Genetic studies also consider that cleft lip is a polygenic genetic disease.
2. Environmental factors. During the first three months of pregnancy, when the physiological state of the mother is affected or disturbed, it may impact the development of the embryonic facial and maxillary region. Examples include nutritional deficiencies, infections, drug factors, physical injuries, and alcohol and smoking.