Patient's question:
Recently, the atmosphere at home hasn't been good because my mom always argues with my wife. The reason or cause is that we've been married for three years and haven't been able to get pregnant. As far as I know, my wife has had a miscarriage once before, but I've never been pregnant with my previous girlfriend either. I privately suspect it might be my own factor or cause, and I plan to get a check-up in the near future.Doctor's answer:
Hello: The specific male infertility examination items include the following tests:1. Medical History: Correctly collecting medical history is important. The doctor should be responsible and keep the patient's information confidential. The patient should also actively cooperate.
2. Physical Examination: This includes a general examination and a reproductive organ examination. The general examination is the same as internal medicine methods, with special attention to development, nutrition, and mental status. However, the focus is on the reproductive organ examination.
3. Laboratory Tests: Sperm analysis.
4. Endocrine Tests: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone or clomiphene stimulation tests can assess the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. Testosterone levels can directly reflect the function of germ cells. If necessary, thyroid hormones, adrenal corticosteroids, or prolactin can be measured.
5. Doppler Ultrasound: Helps confirm varicocele.
6. X-ray Examination: To determine the location of obstruction in the reproductive tract, procedures such as vas deferens and epididymis, vas deferens and seminal vesicle, or urethra may be used. Patients with hyperprolactinemia should undergo sella turcica X-ray tomography (frontal and lateral views) to check for pituitary adenomas.
7. Immunological Tests: Sperm agglutination tests or immobilization tests can detect sperm agglutinating antibodies or immobilizing antibodies in serum or seminal plasma. Various detection methods should be chosen based on local conditions.
8. Chromosome Karyotype Analysis: Used for genital organ malformations, testicular dysgenesis, and azoospermia with unknown causes or etiology.
9. Testicular Biopsy: Used for azoospermia or oligozoospermia. It directly examines the spermatogenic function of the seminiferous tubules and the development of interstitial cells. Local hormone synthesis and metabolism can be reflected through immunohistochemical staining.