Patient's question:
Description of the problem: Anti-sperm antibodies and anti-endometrial antibodies are both positive. Will this affect pregnancy? How should it be treated? Thank you!Doctor's answer:
Hello: This condition affects fertility and is classified as immunological infertility, which requires treatment. Anti-sperm antibodies are a complex pathological product that can affect both men and women, and their exact causes or etiology are not yet fully understood. The sperm and seminal fluid of men are considered specific antigens for women. Upon contact with the bloodstream, they can trigger immune reactions in both men and women, leading to the production of corresponding antibodies that hinder the combination of sperm and eggs, resulting in infertility. The aforementioned conditions fall under the category of sperm immunological infertility. Female patients with positive anti-sperm antibodies often have a history of reproductive system infections such as endometritis, vaginitis, and tubulitis before the onset of the disease, which is particularly common in cases of tubal obstruction infertility. These patients frequently have a history of sexual intercourse during menstruation, postpartum lochia, or abnormal vaginal bleeding. Even if pregnancy occurs, the fertilized egg may be affected by the disease or weakened due to exhaustion, making it highly susceptible to atrophy or death during the embryonic stage, leading to spontaneous abortion. In men, about 10% of infertile individuals have positive anti-sperm antibodies in their blood. Under normal circumstances, the testes and male reproductive tract have a robust immune barrier, preventing sperm from coming into contact with the body's immune system, thus minimizing immune reactions. This condition is also caused by diseases. For example, inflammation of the male reproductive tract or other factors or etiologies that obstruct the spermatic ducts can cause sperm to leak out, or vasectomy, which cuts off the spermatic ducts, may also lead to sperm antigens coming into contact with the immune system, resulting in the body producing anti-sperm antibodies. This can cause sperm agglutination, immobilization, and loss of vitality, making it difficult for them to complete fertilization with eggs. Our hospital adopts isolation therapy and immunosuppressive therapy for immunological infertility. We recommend that you come to our hospital for early treatment and do not miss the best age for conception.