Patient's question:
Hello. What is a Bartholin's cyst?Doctor's answer:
The main factors or causes of Bartholin gland cysts are as follows:1. The presence of chronic inflammation can block Bartholin gland ducts, causing secretions to discharge poorly, leading to cystic expansion of the gland and the formation of a cyst.
2. After acute Bartholin gland inflammation subsides, if the gland ducts remain blocked, secretions cannot be expelled, and the pus is absorbed. The liquid gradually becomes clearer, forming a Bartholin gland cyst.
3. During childbirth, if the vagina or perineal lateral laceration forms scars, or if improper perineal lateral episiotomy damages Bartholin gland ducts, causing the duct openings to close, retained secretions can also lead to Bartholin gland cysts.
4. Congenital narrowing of Bartholin gland ducts, or viscous secretions that hinder the smooth discharge of Bartholin gland fluid, can similarly result in cyst formation.
Currently, treatment for Bartholin gland cysts primarily involves medication and surgery. If medication is used, after the abscess is treated with drugs, inflammation may subside, but the abscess fluid may be absorbed, transforming it into a cyst and leading to recurrence. Surgical treatment includes drainage and fistulostomy, as well as gland excision. Among these, drainage and fistulostomy are more commonly used because this procedure preserves gland function while draining the pus. However, if the cyst material is not fully drained, recurrence may occur. Gland excision can cure the condition, but removing the gland renders its function, similar to thyroid removal. Therefore, this surgery is strictly limited in clinical practice and is only suitable for patients with chronic recurrence or complex conditions.