Author: Wang Went
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2006-02-01
Features: Confucius said: "Those who are born knowing are the superior; those who learn know next; those who learn in hardship are even lower; those who do not learn in hardship are the worst." This means: "Those born knowing are the best; those who learn are second best; those who learn in hardship are third best; those who do not learn in hardship are the worst." If one knows they must learn, they should read the Analects well. If after reading the Analects one is still petty-minded, I haven’t seen such a person. — Wang Went
Confucius said: "It is not a matter of fearing others not knowing you, but fearing you not knowing others." Being human is not about others knowing you; if they don’t know you, it’s no loss and nothing to worry about. The hard part is knowing others. The Pre-Battle Memorial says: "To be close to virtuous ministers and distant from petty men is why the Former Han Dynasty prospered; to be close to petty men and distant from virtuous ministers is why the Later Han Dynasty declined." Whether one knows others well or not matters little to oneself but greatly to the state. Knowing others requires experience and time. Only by holding the thought of "fearing not knowing others" can one act with integrity and remain steadfast to the end. Wang Fuzhi said: "To regret not knowing oneself too late leads to distorting learning to please the world. The fear of not knowing others is a common ailment in all ages. Many study only to seek recognition, so if they please the world, they please the world—but true learning becomes difficult to attain."
Confucius said: "Human nature is very similar, but it becomes distant due to different customs." In this chapter, Confucius does not discuss nature but emphasizes being cautious about one’s habits, with the meaning of "near red, turn red; near ink, turn black." The Three-Character Classic says: "In the beginning, human nature is good. Nature is similar, but habits make it distant." "Nature is good" is Mencius’ view. Confucius described nature as more ambiguous, saying: "Human nature is straight from birth." I believe this is what Confucius meant by nature. Chairman Mao said: "In class society, there is only class-bound human nature, not some superhuman nature."
Okay, here is the translation following your instructions: Originally, The Analects could be read this way
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