Can a small penis grow and become fertile?

Patient's question:

Patient Age: Six months
From birth, the patient has had congenital micropenis.
From birth until now, the cause or reason is unknown.

Doctor's answer:

Congenital micropenis is a type of male external genital abnormality and one of the factors leading to male infertility. External genital abnormalities include hydrocele, congenital micropenis, hypospadias, and penile plaques. Congenital micropenis refers to a penis with normal anatomy but smaller than that of individuals of the same age. The average length of a male newborn's penis is 3.75 cm, while micropenis is often less than 1 cm. During puberty, a male's micropenis remains in a childlike state.
Medical Advice: The etiology of micropenis is not yet fully understood. It may be caused by a lack of androgens during the third month of pregnancy, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, or insensitivity of the external genitalia to androgens. Micropenis is often accompanied by bilateral cryptorchidism, testicular dysgenesis, hypopituitarism, and obesity. It can also be seen in chromosomal defects such as Klinefelter syndrome, true hermaphroditism, or idiopathic micropenis in males with a normal XY karyotype.
Doctor's Inquiry: Clinically, it is not uncommon, and its etiology is complex, making treatment challenging. Some cases may be the only outward manifestation of multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD), and delayed diagnosis and treatment can lead to severe consequences, even death. Others may require gender-affirming treatment. Some may have dysplastic testicular tissue with a tendency to malignancy. Therefore, timely and appropriate diagnosis and treatment should be provided for children with micropenis based on the specific etiology.

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