Surface strengthening technology of materials

Author: Sun Xitai
Publisher:
Publishing Time: 2005-04-01
Features: This book classifies surface strengthening technologies based on the physicochemical processes of surface strengthening layer formation, establishing a systematic and scientific framework for surface strengthening technologies. It focuses on elaborating the basic principles, process technologies, and applications of nine major categories of surface strengthening technologies, including liquid-solid transformation, gas-solid transformation, aqueous solution deposition, solid-state phase transformation, solid-state diffusion, surface powder metallurgy, surface deformation strengthening, ion implantation and impact hardening, and coatings and plastisizing. The content of this book is comprehensive and systematic, with up-to-date technology. In addition to traditional processes, it incorporates many new technologies and introduces some less common processes. It holds significant reference value for engineering technicians engaged in material surface technology and for university and college teachers and students.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Surface Engineering Discipline System
1.1.1 Functions of Surface Engineering
1.1.2 Surface Strengthening Technology as the Core of Surface Engineering
1.1.3 Classification of Surface Strengthening Technologies
1.1.4 Performance of Strengthening Layers Depends on Composition and Structure
1.1.5 Material Physics and Surface Physicochemistry as the Basic Theories of Surface Engineering
1.1.6 Wear Theory, Corrosion Theory, and Fracture Theory as Related Theories of Surface Engineering
1.2 Surface Pretreatment
1.2.1 Degreasing
1.2.2 Rust Removal
1.2.3 Mechanical Cleaning
1.3 Mechanical Machining of Coatings
1.3.1 Cutting of Coatings
1.3.2 Grinding of Coatings
1.4 Surface Analysis Techniques
1.4.1 Microscopes
1.4.2 Surface Composition and Atomic State Analysis
1.4.3 Surface Crystal Structure Analysis
1.5 Surface Layer Performance Testing and Inspection
1.5.1 Visual Inspection of Layers (Coatings)
1.5.2 Thickness Measurement of Layers (Coatings)
1.5.3 Hardness Measurement
References
Chapter 2 Surface Melting Strengthening
2.1 Basic Theory
2.1.1 Crystallization Process of Melts
2.1.2 Non-crystallization Process of Melts
2.1.3 Classification of Surface Melting Strengthening
2.2 Welding
2.2.1 Overview
2.2.2 Arc Welding
2.2.3 Submerged Arc Welding
2.2.4 Plasma Arc Welding
2.2.5 Gas-Shielded Automatic Welding
2.2.6 Oxygen-Acetylene Flame Welding
2.2.7 Electroslag Welding
2.2.8 Welding Alloys
2.3 Thermal Spraying
2.3.1 Basic Principles
2.3.2 Flame Spraying
2.3.3 Arc Spraying (ARC)
2.3.4 Plasma Arc Spraying
2.3.5 Laser Spraying
2.3.6 Thermal Spray Materials
2.3.7 Applications of Thermal Spraying
2.4 Thermal Bonding
2.4.1 Basic Theory
2.4.2 Vacuum Bonding
2.4.3 Laser Bonding
2.4.4 Electron Beam Bonding
2.5 Hot Dipping
2.5.1 Overview
2.5.2 Hot-Dip Galvanizing
2.5.3 Hot-Dip Aluminum
2.5.4 Hot-Dip Tin
2.5.5 Hot-Dip Lead-Tin
2.6 Electrical Discharge Surface Strengthening
2.6.1 Electrical Discharge Surface Strengthening and Its Principles
2.6.2 Structure and Performance of Electrical Discharge Strengthened Layers
2.6.3 Electrical Discharge Strengthening Process
2.6.4 Applications of Electrical Discharge Strengthening
2.7 Cast Infiltration
2.7.1 Cast Infiltration and Its Principles
2.7.2 Cast Infiltration Process
2.7.3 Applications of Cast Infiltration in Wear Resistance
2.8 Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis of Ceramic Coatings
2.8.1 Basic Principles
2.8.2 Synthesis of Al?O? Composite Ceramic Pipes
2.9 Enameling
2.9.1 Enameling and Its Basic Principles
2.9.2 Enameling Process
2.9.3 Enameling Process Flow
2.9.4 Enameling and Its Applications
2.10 Ceramic Glazing
2.10.1 Ceramics
2.10.2 Glazing
2.10.3 Glazing Process
References
Chapter 3 Vapor Deposition Technology
3.1 Overview
3.1.1 Vapor Deposition and Its Classification
3.1.2 Physical Basis of Vapor Deposition
3.1.3 Microstructure and Structure of Vapor-Deposited Layers
3.2 Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD)
3.2.1 Vacuum Evaporation Coating (Evaporation)
3.2.2 Sputtering Coating
3.2.3 Ion Plating
3.3 Chemical Vapor Deposition
3.3.1 Chemical Vapor Deposition and Its Classification
3.3.2 Atmospheric Chemical Vapor Deposition Apparatus
3.4 Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (PCVD)
3.4.1 Basic Principles
3.4.2 PCVD Deposition Apparatus
3.5 Applications of Vapor Deposition
3.5.1 Wear-Resistant Coatings
3.5.2 Lubricating Coatings
3.5.3 Corrosion-Resistant Coatings
References
Chapter 4 Aqueous Solution Deposition Surface Strengthening
4.1 Overview
4.2 Electroplating
4.2.1 Basic Principles of Electroplating
4.2.2 Electroplating Process
4.3 Brush Plating
4.3.1 Basic Principles of Brush Plating
4.3.2 Brush Plating Solutions
4.3.3 Brush Plating Process
4.3.4 Applications of Brush Plating
4.4 Chemical Plating
4.4.1 Basic Principles
4.4.2 Chemical Plating Nickel and Alloys
4.4.3 Chemical Plating Copper
4.4.4 Chemical Plating Other Alloys
4.4.5 Composite Chemical Plating
4.5 Conversion Coatings
4.5.1 Basic Principles
4.5.2 Chemical Conversion Coatings
4.5.3 Electrochemical Conversion Coatings
4.6 Metal Surface Coloring
4.6.1 Introduction
4.6.2 Stainless Steel Coloring
4.6.3 Copper and Its Alloy Coloring
4.6.4 Zinc Layer Coloring
4.6.5 Coloring of Other Metals
4.7 Sol-Gel Coating
4.7.1 Introduction
4.7.2 Basic Principles of Sol-Gel
4.7.3 Sol-Gel Coating Process
4.7.4 Applications of Sol-Gel Coating
References
Chapter 5 Surface Solid-State Phase Transformation Strengthening—Surface Quenching
5.1 Basic Principles
5.2 High-Energy-Density Heating Surface Quenching
5.2.1 Induction Heating Surface Quenching
5.2.2 Rapid Heating Surface Quenching
5.3 High-Energy-Density Heating Surface Quenching
5.3.1 Laser Heating Surface Quenching
5.3.2 Electron Beam Heating Surface Quenching
5.3.3 Plasma Arc Heating Surface Quenching
5.3.4 Other High-Energy-Density Heating Surface Quenching
References
Chapter 6 Solid-State Diffusion Surface Strengthening—Chemical Heat Treatment
6.1 Overview
6.1.1 Basic Principles of Chemical Heat Treatment
6.1.2 Diffusion Layer Structure of Chemical Heat Treatment
6.1.3 Classification and Objectives of Chemical Heat Treatment
6.2 Chemical Heat Treatment to Improve Fatigue Strength and Wear Resistance
6.2.1 Nitriding
6.2.2 Nitrocarburizing
6.2.3 Carburizing
6.2.4 Carbonitriding
6.3 Chemical Heat Treatment to Improve Wear Resistance
6.3.1 Boronizing
6.3.2 Vanadium and Other Carbide-Forming Element Diffusion
6.3.3 Boron-Based Diffusion
6.4 Chemical Heat Treatment for Friction Reduction
6.4.1 Sulfur-Nitrogen Carburizing
6.4.2 Vapor Treatment
6.4.3 Graphitizing Diffusion Layer
6.4.4 Alloys Diffusion Layer
6.5 Chemical Heat Treatment to Improve Corrosion Resistance
6.5.1 Chromizing
6.5.2 Siliconizing
6.5.3 Zincizing
6.6 Chemical Heat Treatment to Improve High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance
6.6.1 Aluminizing
6.6.2 Chromium- and Aluminum-Based Diffusion
References
Chapter 7 Surface Powder Metallurgy Strengthening
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Rolling Sintering Surface Metallurgy Strengthening
7.3 Electric Contact Hot Welding Coatings
7.3.1 Basic Principles
7.3.2 Electric Contact Hot Welding Process and Performance
7.3.3 Applications of Electric Contact Strengthening
References
Chapter 8 Surface Deformation Strengthening
8.1 Basic Principles
8.1.1 Overview
8.1.2 Surface Shot Peening and Rolling, Hole Extrusion Strengthening Principles
8.2 Shot Peening Strengthening
8.2.1 Equipment and Shot Peening for Shot Peening Strengthening
8.2.2 Shot Peening Process
8.2.3 Applications of Shot Peening Strengthening
8.3 Surface Rolling and Hole Extrusion Strengthening
8.3.1 Equipment for Rolling and Hole Extrusion Strengthening
8.3.2 Rolling and Hole Extrusion Strengthening
8.3.3 Applications of Rolling and Extrusion Strengthening
8.4 Mechanical Plating
8.4.1 Classification of Mechanical Plating
8.4.2 Mechanism of Plating Layer Formation in Mechanical Plating
8.4.3 Equipment for Mechanical Plating
8.4.4 Mechanical Plating Process
8.4.5 Applications of Mechanical Plating
References
Chapter 9 Ion Implantation and Impact Hardening
9.1 Basic Theory
9.1.1 Characteristics of Ion Implantation
9.1.2 Development Overview
9.1.3 Physical Basis of Ion Implantation
9.1.4 Microstructure and Structure of Ion-Implanted Layers
9.2 Ion Implantation Devices
9.2.1 Ion Source
9.2.2 Accelerator
9.2.3 Mass Analyzer
9.2.4 Focusing, Deflection, and Scanning
9.2.5 Target Chamber
9.3 Ion Implantation Process
9.3.1 Ion Implantation for Material Surface Strengthening
9.3.2 Ion Implantation Process
9.4 Applications of Ion Implantation
9.4.1 Improving Surface Hardness
9.4.2 Improving Wear Resistance
9.4.3 Improving Fatigue Performance
9.4.4 Improving Corrosion Resistance
9.4.5 Improving High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance
9.4.6 Applications of Ion Implantation in Semiconductors
9.4.7 Applications of Ion Implantation for Surface Strengthening of Other Materials
References
Chapter 10 Chemical Bonding Coatings
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Coating Coatings
10.2.1 Composition of Coatings
10.2.2 Coating Formation Process
10.2.3 Classification and Naming of Coatings
10.2.4 Coating Methods
10.2.5 Anti-Rust and Anti-Corrosion Coatings
10.2.6 Decorative Coatings
10.2.7 Functional Coatings
10.2.8 High-Solid-Content Coatings
10.2.9 Water-Soluble Coatings
10.2.10 Non-Water Dispersive Coatings
10.2.11 Anti-Corrosion Coating Examples
10.3 Plastic Coatings
10.3.1 Introduction
10.3.2 Types of Powder Coatings
10.3.3 Plastic Coating Methods
10.3.4 Applications of Plastic Coating
References