Acrylic coatings

Author: Wang Changchun Bao Qiyu
Publisher:
Publishing Date: 2005-04-01
Features: This book is a systematic professional introduction to acrylic ester coatings, mainly involving the preparation of acrylic ester monomers, polymerization methods, the selection of various components of coatings, the formulation of coatings, the formation and control of coating films, and the prevention and treatment of defects. It also provides detailed introductions to various types of acrylic ester coatings, such as solvent-based, water-based, high-solids, and photopolymerizable coatings. While emphasizing the basic knowledge of coatings and the explanation of new technologies, the book also gives a relatively detailed introduction to new synthetic technologies that may affect the development of coatings. This book is co-authored by senior experts with over forty years of experience in coatings research and production, as well as young scholars with substantial research on coating theory. It combines a profound understanding of coating technology with fresh insights into coating theory and development, making it a well-balanced work that integrates practicality and advancement. The book is rich in content, easy to understand, and suitable for reference by engineering technicians, researchers, and teachers and students in relevant fields of universities and colleges.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to Acrylic Ester Coatings
1.1 History of Acrylic Ester Coatings
1.2 Characteristics of Acrylic Ester Coatings
1.3 Main Varieties and Uses of Acrylic Ester Coatings
1.4 Focus of This Book
Chapter 2 Monomers
2.1 Preparation Methods of Acrylic Ester Monomers
2.1.1 Ethylene Glycol Cyanohydrin Method
2.1.2 High-Pressure Reppe Method
2.1.3 Enone Method
2.1.4 Acrylonitrile Hydrolysis Method
2.1.5 Direct Oxidation of Acrylic Acid
2.2 Preparation of Methacrylic Ester Monomers
2.2.1 Acetone Cyanohydrin Method
2.2.2 Ethylene Method
2.2.3 Direct Oxidation of Isobutylene
2.2.4 Methacrylonitrile Method
2.3 Synthesis of Main Functional Acrylic Ester Monomers
2.3.1 Synthesis of Hydroxy Acrylic Ester Monomers
2.3.2 Glycidyl Methacrylate
2.3.3 N-Hydroxymethyl Acrylamide
2.3.4 Trimethoxysilylpropyl Methacrylate
2.3.5 Fluorinated Acrylic Ester Monomers
2.4 Properties of Acrylic Ester Monomers
2.4.1 Chemical Properties of Acrylic Ester Monomers
2.4.2 Physical Constants of Acrylic (Ester) Monomers
2.5 Analysis Methods for Acrylic Ester Monomers
2.6 Transportation, Storage, and Toxicity of Acrylic Ester Monomers
References
Chapter 3 Polymerization Reactions and Methods of Acrylic Ester Monomers
3.1 Ordinary Free Radical Polymerization
3.1.1 Characteristics of Free Radical Polymerization
3.1.2 Polymerization Mechanism
3.2 Group Transfer Polymerization
3.2.1 Characteristics of Group Transfer Polymerization
3.2.2 Factors Affecting Group Transfer Polymerization
3.2.3 GTP Polymerization Mechanism
3.3 Controlled Radical Polymerization
3.3.1 Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
3.3.2 Stable Nitroxide Radical-Controlled Polymerization
3.3.3 Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Radical Polymerization
3.3.4 Prospects for Active Radical Polymerization
3.4 Synthesis Conditions and Structural Control of Acrylic Ester Resins
3.4.1 Monomer Selection
3.4.2 Design of Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)
3.4.3 Influence of Copolymer Composition and Distribution
3.4.4 Effect of Solvent on Polymerization Reaction and Products
3.4.5 Influence of Initiator Variety, Amount, and Addition Method on Polymerization Reaction and Products
3.4.6 Effect of Temperature Control on Polymerization Reaction
3.5 Implementation Methods for Acrylic Ester Resin Preparation
3.5.1 Bulk Polymerization
3.5.2 Solution Polymerization
3.5.3 Suspension Polymerization
3.5.4 Emulsion Polymerization
References
Chapter 4 Solvents
4.1 Basic Theory of Solubility
4.2 Classification of Solvents
4.2.1 Weak Hydrogen Bond Solvents
4.2.2 Medium Hydrogen Bond Solvents
4.2.3 Strong Hydrogen Bond Solvents
4.3 Principles for Selecting Coating Solvents
4.3.1 Solubility
4.3.2 Volatility of Solvents
4.3.3 Viscosity of Solvents
4.3.4 Flammability of Solvents
4.3.5 Electrical Conductivity of Solvents
4.3.6 Surface Tension of Solvents
4.3.7 Toxicity of Solvents
4.4 Photochemical Reactions of Organic Solvents
References
Chapter 5 Pigments and Pigment Dispersion
5.1 General Properties of Color Pigments
5.1.1 Color
5.1.2 Tinting Strength
5.1.3 Covering Power
5.1.4 Lightfastness and Weather Resistance
5.1.5 Heat Resistance and Acid-Base Resistance
5.1.6 Solvent Resistance
5.1.7 Dispersion
5.2 Main Varieties of Color Pigments
5.2.1 Titanium Dioxide
5.2.2 Carbon Black
5.2.3 Transparent Iron Oxide
5.2.4 Phthalocyanine Pigments
5.2.5 High-Performance Organic Pigments
5.3 Basic Principles of Pigment Dispersion
5.3.1 Pigment Morphology
5.3.2 Pigment Dispersion Process
5.3.3 Stability of Pigment Dispersions
5.3.4 Evaluation of Pigment Dispersion Conditions
5.3.5 Pigment Dispersants
5.3.6 Pigment Dispersions
5.3.7 Universal Pigment Pastes (Color Masters)
References
Chapter 6 Flow Control and Film Formation of Coatings
6.1 Viscosity
6.1.1 Basic Concept of Viscosity
6.1.2 Viscosity of Polymer Solutions
6.1.3 Viscosity of Dispersed Phase Systems
6.2 Relationship Between Viscosity of Coatings and System Tg
6.2.1 Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) of Polymers
6.2.2 Relationship Between Tg and Coating Viscosity
6.3 Types of Fluids in Coatings
6.3.1 Newtonian Fluids
6.3.2 Non-Newtonian Fluids
6.4 Formation and Control of Coating Films
6.4.1 Solvent Evaporation and Thermal Fusion
6.4.2 Crosslinking Film Formation
6.4.3 Film Formation of Latex Coatings
6.5 Characteristics of Acrylic Ester Coating Film Formation Process
6.5.1 General Solvent-Based Acrylic Ester Coating Systems
6.5.2 High-Solids Acrylic Ester Coatings
6.5.3 Water-Based Acrylic Ester Coatings
References
Chapter 7 Surface Chemistry Problems in Coatings and Film Defects
7.1 Surface Chemistry of Coatings
7.1.1 Surface Tension
7.1.2 Wetting and Contact Angle
7.1.3 Wetting of Rough Surfaces
7.1.4 Influence of Substrate Absorption on Film Tension
7.1.5 Kinetic Factors of Wetting
7.2 Surface Tension and Film Defects
7.2.1 Leveling
7.2.2 Sagging
7.2.3 Crawling, Pinholing, and Related Defects
7.2.4 Blooming and Color Floating
7.2.5 Cracking and Wrinkled Coatings
7.2.6 Bubbling and Blistering
7.2.7 Foaming
References
Chapter 8 Solvent-Based Thermosetting Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.1 Crosslinking Chemistry of Thermosetting Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.2 Hydroxy Acrylic Resin and Modified Resin Coatings
8.2.1 Hydroxy Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.2.2 Tertiary Butyl Carbonate Glycidyl Ester Modified Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.2.3 Caprolactone and Carbonate Modified Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.2.4 Polyester Modified Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.2.5 Olefin Modified Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.3 Amino Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.3.1 Curing Reaction of Amino Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.3.2 Potential Catalysts for Amino Acrylic Ester Curing Reaction
8.3.3 Discussion on Main Characteristics of Amino Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.4 Polyurethane-Acrylic Coatings
8.4.1 Chemical Reactions of Polyurethane-Acrylic Coatings
8.4.2 Factors Affecting Curing Reaction
8.4.3 Applications of Polyurethane-Acrylic Coatings
8.5 Other Types of Thermosetting Acrylic Coatings
8.5.1 Acrylic Resins with Carboxyl Groups
8.5.2 Silicone Acrylic Ester Coatings
8.5.3 Fluorinated Acrylic Ester Coatings
References
Chapter 9 Water-Based Acrylic Ester Coatings
9.1 Emulsion-Type Acrylic Ester Coatings
9.1.1 Characteristics of Emulsion-Type Acrylic Ester Coatings
9.1.2 Preparation of Polyacrylic Acid Emulsions
9.1.3 Formulation of Emulsion-Type Acrylic Ester Coatings
9.1.4 Application Methods of Coatings
9.1.5 Uses of Coatings
9.1.6 Examples of Applications
9.1.7 Modified Acrylic Ester Emulsion Coatings
9.2 Water-Dilutable Acrylic Ester Coatings
9.2.1 Preparation of Water-Dilutable Acrylic Resins
9.2.2 Formulation of Coatings
9.2.3 Application Methods of Coatings
9.2.4 Uses of Coatings
9.2.5 Examples of Applications
9.3 Water-Soluble Acrylic Ester Coatings
9.3.1 Preparation of Water-Soluble Acrylic Resins
9.3.2 Formulation of Coatings
9.3.3 Application Methods of Coatings
9.3.4 Uses of Coatings
References
Chapter 10 High-Solids Acrylic Ester Coatings
10.1 Performance Requirements for Components of High-Solids Acrylic Ester Coatings
10.2 Factors Affecting Viscosity of Acrylic Ester Coatings and Countermeasures
10.2.1 Molecular Weight and Molecular Weight Distribution of Acrylic Resins
10.2.2 Functional Group Distribution of Acrylic Resins
10.2.3 Glass Transition Temperature of Acrylic Resins
10.2.4 Influence of Solvents
10.2.5 Pigments
10.3 Common Methods for Reducing Viscosity of Acrylic Resins
10.3.1 Reducing Polymer Molecular Weight
10.3.2 Controlling Polymer Glass Transition Temperature
10.3.3 Introducing CarduraE10 Components
10.3.4 Using Tertiary Butyl Peroxide as Free Radical Polymerization Initiator
10.3.5 Introducing Cyclic Alkyl Acrylic Ester Monomers
10.4 Examples of High-Solids Acrylic Ester Coatings
10.4.1 High-Solids Polyurethane Acrylic Coatings
10.4.2 High-Solids Amino Resin Acrylic Ester Coatings
10.4.3 High-Solids Polyurethane Polyol Blended Modified Acrylic Resin Coatings
10.4.4 High-Solids Acrylic Resins with Silicone Oxygen