How to identify emphysema?

Patient's question:

Recently, I've been experiencing chest pain and tightness in my chest. The hospital examination suggested a respiratory disease, but the medication hasn't been very effective. Recently, my cough has worsened. How can I check for emphysema?

Doctor's answer:

The CT findings of emphysema are displayed in the second mediastinal window, with the mediastinum on the left side. The mediastinal width generally does not narrow, and the diaphragmatic surface is positioned lower. In lung window settings, both lungs show increased volume, and both lungs may be affected by or show spread of wall-like or wall-free low-density areas, and the vascular bundles may increase, especially in the subpleural region or lower lungs. Chest CT may also be accompanied by or without bullae. Some patients may also have bronchiectasis. If the patient has secondary neuron infection, patchy shadows can also be seen.

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