Patient's question:
My cousin has been visiting my place recently. Before, I didn't really notice how my cousin's oral hygiene was, but now when I pay close attention, I've realized that his bad breath is quite severe. I want to know how to treat bad breath.Doctor's answer:
Halitosis is not something to be feared; it can be treated once the cause is identified. First, consider whether the halitosis is of oral origin or non-oral origin. For factors related to halitosis that cannot be ruled out, such as respiratory system diseases (infections and purulent conditions in the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, pharynx, and lungs), digestive system diseases (gastritis, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, gastrointestinal metabolic disorders, constipation, etc.), damage to solid organs (liver failure, kidney failure), and conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis, uremia, leukemia, and vitamin deficiencies, systemic treatment should be administered locally or systemically to these diseases first. For patients, if the halitosis condition is severe, immediate symptomatic treatment and appropriate medication should be used, otherwise it may lead to a recurrence of halitosis.