Patient's question:
My sister-in-law has hepatitis B surface antigen positive; the baby just born during pregnancy is completely normal.Doctor's answer:
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive, also known as "small three positive," can be spread through mother-to-child transmission, as well as horizontal transmission. On the other hand, it can also be horizontally transmitted! Hepatitis B vaccine and high-efficiency immunoglobulin must be administered during pregnancy. Since the hepatitis B virus is mainly transmitted through blood, if the infant's oral cavity, throat, esophagus, stomach, and intestinal mucosa have sores or ulcers, the hepatitis B virus in breast milk can enter the bloodstream and may lead to hepatitis B transmission. Therefore, breastfeeding is not recommended for individuals with HBsAg positive. In reality, the infectiousness of HBsAg positive hepatitis B is not strong. However, if the test results show a positive HBV DNA, it indicates that the hepatitis B virus has mutated, making it highly infectious.