What tests are needed for male infertility

Patient's question:

I've been married for several years, but my wife has never been able to get pregnant. Last week, I asked her to get a check-up, but the results showed that everything was normal except for some gynecological inflammation. So now I'm wondering if there's something wrong with me. What are the common characteristics of male infertility? Is it possible not to have an Adam's apple? But I do have an Adam's apple and other male features.

Doctor's answer:

Hello, infertile men should undergo a physical examination. The general examination typically includes height, weight, and the span between the two hands when extended. It also involves observing the development of secondary sexual characteristics, such as facial hair, Adam's apple, axillary hair, and pubic hair growth, as well as checking for gynecomastia (enlarged breasts in men).
The focus of the physical examination for male infertility is the urinary and reproductive systems. This includes assessing the size of the penis, checking for hypospadias (urethral opening on the underside of the penis), and evaluating the size and consistency (softness/hardness) of the testicles. The examination also involves palpating the epididymis for thickening, tenderness, or cysts, as well as inspecting the vas deferens and varicocele.

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