What causes hematospermia

Patient's question:

Last night, when I had sex with my wife, I felt a bit of pain at the opening of my urethra when I ejaculated. After that, I noticed that my sperm was yellow. When I searched for information online, I found some things about blood in the sperm, and I got very scared. I don't know what could be causing this blood in the sperm.

Doctor's answer:

The most common cause of hematospermia is seminal vesiculitis. The seminal vesicles serve two functions: storing sperm and secreting seminal fluid. The seminal vesicles have a rich layer of small blood vessels, containing numerous capillaries, which are easily damaged and bleed. Additionally, because the seminal vesicles are located above the prostate and between the bladder and rectum, their ends merge with the vas deferens to form ejaculation and lead into the urethra. Due to the close proximity of the seminal vesicles to organs such as the prostate, urinary tract, and rectum, if inflammation occurs in these areas, bacteria can easily spread to the seminal vesicles, causing inflammation, swelling, congestion, and bleeding, which leads to hematospermia. Most cases are accompanied by pain in the perineum, rectum, and lower abdomen, as well as dysuria.

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