How should testicular torsion be treated?

Patient's question:

I found that I have an epididymal abnormality during a health check-up. The epididymis is abnormally attached to the testicle, with the right epididymal tail fused with the testicle. Both testicles are of normal size and shape. The doctor said the left one is normal and there is nothing to worry about, but I still feel uncomfortable. How should I handle the epididymal abnormality?

Doctor's answer:

A hydrocele of the head of the epididymis can be treated with aspiration and injection of anesthetic and sclerosing agents. However, due to a high recurrence rate, this method is less safe and reliable compared to surgical methods and is used less frequently. In cases of epididymal absence, treatment is not possible, and the main focus is on addressing fertility issues. If the patient has normal testicular spermatogenesis, assisted reproductive technologies can be considered. In cases where an ectopic testis is separated from a malformed epididymis, timely orchiopexy should be performed. The epididymis can be stabilized, but the treatment process is generally slow, and relapse is common after treatment. Therefore, active cooperation with the doctor's medication plan is essential during treatment, and a light diet should be maintained, avoiding foods.

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