What are the good treatments for epididymal malformation?

Patient's question:

I recently noticed that my epididymis has become very long, and I have a dull pain in my testicles. Intercourse is very painful. My wife went to the hospital for a check-up and was diagnosed with an epididymal abnormality after a thorough examination. What are the good treatments for epididymal abnormality?

Doctor's answer:

If the patient's testicular spermatogenesis function is normal, assisted perinatal treatment can be performed. For patients with split epididymal malformation and cryptorchidism, orchidopexy should be performed in a timely manner. For patients with segmental epididymal self-locking, epididymal tubule vas deferens anastomosis can be used for treatment. The etiology of congenital epididymal malformation is still unclear. Since cryptorchid patients often have split epididymal malformation, its recurrence may be related to endocrine dysfunction during embryonic growth and development. Due to abnormally high testosterone levels, mesonephric tubules and mesonephric ducts fail to develop or develop incompletely, resulting in various types of epididymal malformations.

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