How to judge if someone has intellectual disability

Patient's question:

My child has always had poor reaction time, poor memory, and low intelligence since childhood. Their simple thinking prevents them from attending regular school. My friend said it might be due to intellectual disability. How can one determine if someone has an intellectual disability?

Doctor's answer:

From the situation you described, considering facial and physical abnormalities: Some congenital intellectual disabilities exhibit abnormal facial and physical features. For example, children with Down syndrome may have widely spaced eyes, crossed eyes, a flattened nose bridge, a tongue often sticking out of the mouth, and drooling, which is commonly referred to as the "Down syndrome face." Children with hydrocephalus have abnormally large head circumferences, while microcephalic children have unusually small heads. Children with hypothyroidism have particularly short stature, and children with phenylketonuria have unusually pale skin and very light hair color. Poor responsiveness to the environment. It is recommended that you visit a regular hospital for examination to identify the cause and then receive symptomatic treatment.

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