How many reasons can cause male infertility?

Patient's question:

Married for many years, but never been able to conceive a child. The hospital examination said that I suffered from male infertility. Which hospital is good for treating male infertility? Where are the good experts? How should male infertility be treated to conceive?

Doctor's answer:

The causes of male infertility include:
1. Abnormal testicles or damage. Undescended testicles can lead to infertility, and injuries to the testicles at birth or postnatally can also cause male infertility.
2. Sexual dysfunction. Premature ejaculation, retrograde ejaculation, and anejaculation can all result in male infertility.
3. Abnormal semen itself. Hyposemenia and azoospermia caused by thyroid and adrenal gland dysfunction can lead to infertility. Weak sperm motility, abnormal sperm morphology, etc.
4. Spermatic cord blockage. Diseases such as tuberculosis of the spermatic cord can cause blockage of the spermatic cord, obstructing sperm passage.
5. Immunological male infertility. When sperm are exposed to the immune system, antisperm antibodies are produced in the body to fight off the sperm, causing the emitted sperm to clump together and fail to fertilize the female.

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