Research on the Late Qing Government's Policies towards Xinjiang, Mongolia, and Tibet

Author: Sudebilig
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2005-11-01
Features: The Mongolian History Research at Inner Mongolia University mainly consists of the following two research fields, some of which have already reached world-leading levels:
1. Ancient Mongolian History and its Literature Research. Scholars in this field primarily focus on the history of the Mongol Empire, Yuan history, Mongolian history from the 15th to the 18th centuries, Mongolian historical geography, and the study and organization of historical documents and archives related to the Mongols. Members of this field are dedicated to researching political systems, tribes, clans, and feudal domains during the Mongol and Yuan periods; the political and tribal situations of Eastern and Western Mongolia from the 15th to the 17th centuries; the history of the Khalkha from the 16th to the 17th centuries; the history of southern Mongolian tribes in the 17th century; Qing Dynasty Mongolian history; Inner Mongolia historical geography; 17th-century Mongolian documents and Manchu archives, late Ming military archives in Chinese, Qing Inner Mongolia Office archives, and various archives in Manchu, Chinese, Mongolian, and Tibetan. This has made the field a world leader in Mongolian history from the 15th to the 18th centuries. Currently, scholars in this field have made significant progress in areas such as the history of the Khalkha, the transformation of the six Mongol households, the history of southern Mongolian tribes, and the history of Mongolian-Tibetan relations.
2. Modern and Contemporary History of Inner Mongolia. This field primarily studies the history of various ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia, with a focus on the Mongols, during the modern period (1840–1949) and the contemporary era (1949 to the present). Research mainly covers the political transformation history of modern Inner Mongolia, the history of Mongolian national movements, the history of people's revolutionary struggles, the development and socio-economic progress of various industries in Inner Mongolia, the history of foreign invasions, the evolution of the political system and policies of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (including democratic reform, socialist revolution, and reform and opening-up in the new era), the construction and achievements in various aspects of the economy and culture of Inner Mongolia, as well as the development and prosperity of the Mongolian and other ethnic minority groups.
3. History and Ethnic Relations of Northern Ethnic Groups. This field includes the history and ethnic relations of ancient northern ethnic groups in China from the Qin and Han dynasties to the Yuan Dynasty, as well as the history of ethnic relations between Mongols, Han, Hui, Manchus, and Tibetans during the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Previous scholars in this discipline have achieved fruitful results in areas such as the history of the Xiongnu, Donghu, Turks, and the origins of the Mongolian people, with influential and academically valuable monographs such as General History of the Xiongnu (Lin Gan), History of the Donghu (Lin Gan), The History of the Original Mongols—A Study of Juewei and Tadars (Zhang Jiuhuo), and Outline of the History of the Oirat Mongols (Wubilig). Notable theoretical-level academic papers include "China's Northern Ethnic Groups and the Origins of the Mongols" (Yilin) and "Some Issues in Inner Mongolia History" (Yilin). In recent years, numerous works on Manchu-Mongolian and Ming-Mongolian relations have been published, and research projects on ethnic relations have been led, such as Mongolian Historical Materials and Manchu-Mongolian Relations (Qimude Dorgij) and The Relationship Between Tibet, the Oirats, and the Qing Dynasty from the 17th to the 18th Centuries (Wubilig). A series of influential academic papers on Manchu-Mongolian and Mongolian-Tibetan relations in the 17th century have also been published. In the study of Mongolian-Han relations during the Ming Dynasty, scholars such as Wang Xiong have achieved significant results.
The main content of this book includes:
- The management and policy characteristics of the early Qing Dynasty toward the Mongols, Xinjiang, and Tibet;
- Foreign invasions and the crisis of modern frontiers;
- The turmoil in Xinjiang and the establishment of provinces;
- Opening up Mongolia and planning for provincial establishment;
- "Recovering sovereignty" and reforming Tibetan governance;
- Analysis of the reasons and outcomes of the Qing Dynasty's border policy shifts;
- Rational reflections on integration and related issues.