Patient's question:
Married for 3 years, no children.Doctor's answer:
1. The patient has a history of infertility and may experience reduced or incomplete sexual climax, painful or weak ejaculation.2. There may be a history of reproductive system infections, surgery, or trauma.
3. Physical examination may reveal varicoceles or epididymal nodules, thickening, beaded changes, or absence of the vas deferens.
4. Semen quality tests may show oligospermia or azoospermia, but testicular puncture can reveal mature sperm cells.