What problems can occur during sexual intercourse during menstruation?

Patient's question:

I'm living outside with my boyfriend. We have sex almost every day, and it's no exception even during my period. Recently, I read a book that says having sex during menstruation is not good, but I often do it like this. What problems could this cause?

Doctor's answer:

Hello, during menstrual intercourse, penile insertion can cause congestion in the female reproductive organs, leading to increased menstrual flow and prolonged periods. The male reproductive organs may introduce bacteria into the vagina. Menstrual blood is an excellent breeding ground for bacteria and other microorganisms, making it easy for bacteria to multiply and infect the endometrium. This can even extend to the fallopian tubes and pelvic organs, causing unnecessary complications for the woman. Additionally, menstrual secretions entering the male urethra may also lead to the development of urethritis. Furthermore, when sperm encounters damaged endometrium and blood cells, or even enters the bloodstream, it can trigger the production of antisperm antibodies, resulting in immunological infertility or sterility. During sexual arousal, uterine contractions can also squeeze endometrial fragments into the pelvic cavity, leading to endometriosis and subsequent infertility.

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