Why have I been unable to conceive for 2 years despite not using contraception?

Patient's question:

Married for 2 years without pregnancy

Doctor's answer:

Hello! In clinical practice, couples with normal sexual life and no contraceptive measures for 1 year are considered infertile. There are many factors that can cause infertility in women, such as: congenital infertility, developmental disorders, blocked fallopian tubes, gynecological inflammation, endocrine abnormalities, immune antibodies, menstrual disorders, ovulation abnormalities, etc. The initial tests for the female partner include:
1. Ultrasound Examination
- Purpose: To assess the condition of the ovaries and uterus, and to rule out uterine or ovarian tumors.
- Best time: Just after menstruation. It is recommended to undergo a vaginal ultrasound.
2. Gynecological Endocrine Hormone Testing
- Purpose: To evaluate the ovarian reserve function and identify any endocrine abnormalities.
- Timing: Blood test within 2–3 days after menstruation.
3. Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
- Purpose: To check the patency of the fallopian tubes and detect uterine abnormalities.
- Timing: 3–7 days after menstruation. No sexual activity should occur post-menstruation.
Based on the results of these examinations, the doctor will infer the factors or causes of infertility and take further measures.