Patient's question:
What are the general factors or causes that lead to female infertility?Doctor's answer:
Symptoms of female infertility generally include the following types:(1) Anovulation: Ovulation is a necessary condition for fertility, and normal ovulation requires a fully functional hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Any factor or cause that affects the function and organic changes of these areas can impact ovulation. Ovulation dysfunction is one of the main factors or causes of infertility in women.
(2) Pelvic factors: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and endometriosis leading to anatomical changes in the fallopian tubes and ovaries, as well as other pelvic factors, are major causes of infertility. For example, the rapid spread of sexually transmitted diseases worldwide has increased the incidence of PID, making it a factor or cause of infertility in 50% of women, particularly PID caused by chlamydia and gonorrhea infections. The incidence of endometriosis of the uterine lining is also increasing year by year, and it accounts for 30% to 40% of infertility cases.
Common types of pathogen infections include:
1. Gonorrhea infection
2. Tuberculous salpingitis
3. Streptococcal infection
4. Chlamydial infection
5. Mycoplasma and ureaplasma infections
In summary, pelvic infections can lead to abnormal pelvic anatomy, such as retroverted and fixed uterus, adhesions around the fallopian tubes, and blocked fallopian tube lumens, all of which can cause infertility.
Endometriosis can increase certain bioactive substances in peritoneal fluid, which can inhibit sperm motility, phagocytose sperm, and interfere with sperm-egg fusion and fallopian tube peristalsis, all of which affect fertility.
(3) Uterine factors: Conditions such as uterine malformations, developmental abnormalities, submucosal fibroids, uterine adhesions, and adenomatous hyperplasia of the endometrium can all affect embryo implantation and development, leading to infertility.
(4) Cervical factors: Abnormal cervical position (e.g., severe retroversion or retroflexion), cervical stenosis or adhesions (caused by developmental issues, inflammation, or injury), cervical erosion, and cervical canal inflammation can all contribute to infertility. Inflammation mediators can phagocytose or damage sperm, while purulent secretions during inflammation can alter cervical mucus properties, affecting sperm passage. As a factor of female infertility, cervical erosion is particularly significant.
Regarding this, our hospital specializes in this area. If you have any needs, we recommend visiting us. Our hospital is located at No. 515 Zhoujiakou Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai. Finally, we wish you good health.