What cervical diseases can cause female infertility

Patient's question:

I've always had pain downstairs in the same room. After checking, it was said to be cervicitis.

Doctor's answer:

1. Chronic cervical inflammation is a common gynecological disease and generally does not affect fertility. Normal cervical mucus protects sperm, provides energy, and serves as a storage site for sperm. The main clinical symptom is an increase in leukorrhea. Due to differences in pathogens, the scope and severity of inflammation, the amount, nature, color, and odor of leukorrhea vary. It can be creamy mucous, sometimes yellowish purulent, and may be bloody when polyps are present or during intercourse. When inflammation spreads from the uterosacral ligaments to the pelvic cavity, symptoms such as lower back pain, sacral pain, pelvic heaviness, and dysmenorrhea may occur, worsening during menstruation, defecation, or intercourse. Examination may reveal varying degrees of cervical erosion, hypertrophy, hardness, polyps, lacerations, eversion, and glandular cysts.
2. Abnormal cervical canal position is often accompanied by abnormal uterine position. Chronic pelvic inflammation or endometriosis can cause extreme retroversion, retroflexion, or antiflexion of the uterus, making the external cervical os adhere to the anterior fornix, thereby shallowing the posterior fornix and losing its sperm reservoir function, which is unfavorable for sperm ascent. Additionally, cervical elongation, shortening, or prolapse may alter the normal positional relationship between the external cervical os and the posterior fornix, hindering sperm ascent.

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