Patient's question:
Doctor, hello, my wife and I have been married for many years, but we haven't used much contraception in terms of sexual life. However, we have never had children, and we suspect we might have infertility. Since we both work and can't find time to meet, I would like to ask what tests are needed and what should be done?Doctor's answer:
The items included in female infertility examinations are:1. Determining ovulation: This is assessed through basal body temperature measurement, cervical mucus examination, or hormone testing.
2. Reproductive system examination: In addition to general visual and tactile examinations, vaginal speculum examination and internal examination (bilateral or triple vaginal examination) are performed to preliminarily assess the general condition of the vagina, uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and pelvic cavity. For example, the size and position of the uterus, whether there are masses or tenderness in the fallopian tubes, uterus, or ovaries, whether the uterus has elevation tenderness, and the mobility of the adnexa.
3. Endometrial examination: If necessary, a biopsy may be performed to understand the functional state of the endometrium. Postmenopausal examination is also a reliable method for assessing ovulation or luteal function. At the same time, it can help determine the size of the uterine cavity and rule out uterine cavity lesions, such as tuberculosis or uterine fibroids.
4. Endocrine function examination: For example, serum estrogen and progesterone levels are measured at different times during the menstrual cycle to assess ovarian function; the basal metabolic rate is measured to evaluate thyroid function; adrenal function tests and serum prolactin measurements are conducted, among others.
Advice: If infertility persists, both partners are advised to undergo a comprehensive examination at a regular hospital. Pregnancy is a matter for both men and women. If infertility occurs, both partners should promptly seek medical examination to identify the cause and receive timely treatment to avoid missing the optimal treatment window.