What are the causes of vas deferens blockage?

Patient's question:

Hello, I would like to inquire about the causes of vas deferens blockage. Recently, I've noticed that my husband has been experiencing reduced sexual desire, painful ejaculation, and fatigue. Additionally, his semen seems to be very little. We've been married for two years and haven't had any children yet. The hospital examination revealed that he has a blocked vas deferens. Could you please tell me what are the causes of vas deferens blockage?

Doctor's answer:

1. Congenital anomalies: such as the absence of the head, body, or tail of the epididymis, or a complete absence of a segment of the vas deferens, or the non-connection between the vas deferens and the epididymis, or the underdevelopment of the epididymis, vas deferens, or seminal vesicle, can also cause obstruction. It is often accompanied by the underdevelopment of the seminal vesicle, leading to a small amount of semen and no sperm.
2. Infections of the urinary and reproductive system: such as epididymitis, prostatitis, seminal vesiculitis, or epididymitis and vas deferens tuberculosis, can cause obstruction of the spermatic duct, more commonly at the connection between the epididymis and the vas deferens. There are also tumors: such as epididymal tumors, seminal vesicle tumors, or prostate tumors, which can all cause obstruction of the spermatic duct.
3. Inflammatory stenosis: various pathogens cause inflammation of the vas deferens, forming scars, leading to the occlusion of the lumen. Severe cases can result in azoospermia.

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