What is nipple pain?

Patient's question:

I am 23 years old. My left nipple was originally concave, but recently it has become protruding with a white protrusion in the middle. When it protrudes, the nipple hurts, especially the white protrusion in the middle. What is going on? I am very scared. Usually, when the nipple is not protruding, it doesn't hurt. Looking forward to a reply, thank you!
First follow-up question: A few days ago, the white discharge in the middle of the nipple became larger, and it broke through the skin on its own, releasing some white discharge. When it came into contact with the air, it turned yellow, and the nipple returned to its original state, and it hasn't hurt since. Does this mean it has healed? I had a "hot" condition during those days, and it was...

Doctor's answer:

First, go to the hospital for a diagnosis to confirm if you are pregnant. If it is ruled out, it should be premenstrual discomfort, which is one type of premenstrual tension syndrome. Many women experience breast fullness, hardness, tenderness, and nipple tenderness 7-14 days before their period. In severe cases, even slight vibrations or collisions can cause discomfort. This is due to the increase in estrogen levels in the body before menstruation, leading to breast hyperplasia and tissue edema. These changes usually disappear after menstruation.
During the premenstrual period, it is important to balance rest and activity, avoid excessive mental stress, and reduce salt intake to prevent or alleviate symptoms.

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