What are the treatment methods for vulvar leukoplakia?

Patient's question:

Treatment of vulvar leukoplakia

Doctor's answer:

For skin and mucosal hyperplasia and thickening lesions, topical application of retinoic acid ointment or topical corticosteroids can be used to improve thickened skin and mucosa, relieving itching symptoms.
For localized hardening, atrophy, dryness, and thinning lesions, topical application of testosterone fish oil ointment, progesterone ointment, or sodium heparin ointment, etc., can be used 3 to 4 times daily until the skin softens. In recent years, some have used laser, focused ultrasound, and other treatment methods to alleviate the suffering of some patients.
While adhering to long-term treatment, it is important to restrain oneself from scratching, avoid wearing tight or poorly breathable synthetic underwear, and reduce the intake of irritating foods. Patients with long-lasting conditions should undergo a pathological biopsy to detect any signs of malignancy early, facilitating timely surgical excision.