Does having sex three days before menstruation cause heavy menstrual flow?

Patient's question:

Here is the translation of your text into English:
Three days before my period this month, we had sex. Then I got my period, and the amount of blood was unusually heavy. What could be the reason for this?

Doctor's answer:

During menstruation, if sexual intercourse occurs, the menstrual secretions of a woman can enter a man's urethra, causing urethral irritation in men. Sexual activity during menstruation may lead to infertility. When sperm encounters blood cells at the site of endometrial damage or even enters the bloodstream, it can trigger an allergic reaction in immune cells during the period, stimulating the body to produce anti-sperm antibodies. These antibodies can be present in a woman's cervical mucus and serum. Once these antibodies come into contact with sperm again, they can trigger an immune rejection response, thereby affecting fertilization of the egg.
Women often experience low libido during menstruation, and they already have discomfort symptoms during this time. Engaging in sexual intercourse under these circumstances can worsen the discomfort. Additionally, sexual activity during menstruation may make the man feel embarrassed.

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