What are the items included in a routine semen examination?

Patient's question:

I have been married to my wife for more than three years. Initially, I thought about prioritizing my career and didn't have children, always using contraception. Now that my career is somewhat settled, both my wife and I want to have a child. However, we have been preparing for over a year, and there has been no progress. A few days ago, we went to the hospital for a check-up, and the doctor said it is very likely my issue, recommending I get a semen analysis. I would like to ask what tests are included in a routine semen analysis?

Doctor's answer:

According to your situation
Main examination items
Medical history. It is important to collect the medical history correctly. The doctor should be serious and responsible, and keep the patient's confidentiality; the patient should also actively cooperate and honestly report the following situations:
1、Medical history.
① Occupation and job type
② Previous medical history
③ Marital and sexual life status
④ Previous examination and treatment history
⑤ Family history
Examination items
2、Physical examination. This includes a general examination and a genital examination. The general examination is the same as internal medicine methods, with special attention to development, nutrition, and mental status, but the focus is on the genital examination. The examination content includes:
① Penis: Pay attention to whether there are severe phimosis, hardening, inflammation, tumors, or developmental abnormalities.
② Urethra: Check for fistulas, hypospadias, hardening, or stenosis.
③ Prostate: Its size can be checked through rectal examination, as well as whether there are hardening, masses, or prostatic fluid can be obtained for examination by massage.
④ Testicles: Measure their size, check the hardness by palpation, and look for hardening, tenderness, masses, or whether they are cryptorchid.