Why are there big differences between twins?

Patient's question:

At 30 weeks of pregnancy, the twins were 2 weeks apart. By 33 weeks, they were still one month apart. There is a significant difference in weight and amniotic fluid. What could be the reason?

Doctor's answer:

Twins are divided into two types: identical twins and fraternal twins. Identical twins are formed from a single fertilized egg that splits and grows, resulting in two children with almost identical genes. Therefore, the gender of identical twins is always the same—either both boys or both girls. Moreover, since they develop from a single fertilized egg, identical twins have a high degree of resemblance, although exceptions do exist. Fraternal twins, on the other hand, are formed from two separate fertilized eggs that grow into two children. As a result, the gender of fraternal twins is not necessarily the same.

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