Can you get pregnant if you don't have sex during your period?

Patient's question:

A woman is not on her period. Will she get pregnant if semen is inserted?

Doctor's answer:

Generally, in the first few days after menstruation, before ovulation, the chance of pregnancy is not very high, but unexpected situations can occur. For those who do not wish to get pregnant, it is still recommended to take contraceptive measures. It is not possible to rule out the possibility of pregnancy immediately after menstruation, because:
  1. Some women have short menstrual cycles or irregular periods, and ovulation may occur earlier, even when menstruation is about to end. Since a woman's egg has the ability to be fertilized within 24 to 48 hours, if male sperm happens to enter the uterus and then the fallopian tubes, pregnancy may occur.
  2. Male sperm can survive in a woman's body for up to three to four days. If male sperm enters the fallopian tubes, pregnancy may occur. During menstruation, the cervix is in a relaxed state, and the passage between the uterine cavity and the outside world is established as menstrual blood is expelled. During this time, sexual activity may easily allow bacteria to enter the uterine cavity.

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