Patient's question:
The first pregnancy didn't feel any different; it was just like usual, and I continued doing what I normally did. The second pregnancy started with a slight ache in the abdomen. At 50 days, I experienced a small amount of dark brown discharge, and it naturally miscarried by 70 days. I took pregnancy support pills and vitamin C, but it didn't help. I naturally miscarried on May 23, 2009, at 70 days of pregnancy. This year, on May 3, I miscarried again at 70 days. Five years ago, I had three induced abortions and medication abortions. The first induced abortion was very painful, and I suspect it may have damaged the endometrial tissue. Could I be experiencing miscarriages due to immune factors?Doctor's answer:
Immune-induced abortion is relatively complex. Please take a look at the suggestions I mentioned first. Recommendations:1. Determine the HLA-A, B, C, D/DR antigens of both partners to understand the compatibility of HLA antigens between the couple.
2. Conduct a mixed lymphocyte culture of the female with the male's cells and compare it with the antigens of an unrelated third party.
3. Measure the maternal anti-paternal lymphocyte cytotoxic antibodies.
4. Test for antisperm antibodies.
5. Determine blood type and anti-blood type antibodies.
6. Perform APA testing.
7. Measure antinuclear antibodies and anti-blood type antibodies.
8. Test for immune complexes and complement C3.