What are the reasons for vaginal bleeding after taking emergency contraception?

Patient's question:

Patient Gender: I took the 72-hour birth control pill the day after having sex with my husband and had vaginal bleeding. How is this possible! I got my period on the 16th of last month, and I took the pill on the 15th of this month. Is this considered a period? I also have pain around my navel!

Doctor's answer:

??????Hello, considering your situation, the vaginal bleeding is likely a side effect of the birth control pill. It is relatively common to experience bleeding after taking emergency contraception, which is clinically referred to as withdrawal bleeding. The bleeding period after emergency contraception typically does not exceed 4 days. If the amount of bleeding is similar to your usual menstrual flow, you can consider it as one menstrual period. After the bleeding stops, you should immediately adopt a regular form of contraception.
The side effects of birth control pills may lead to endocrine disorders, menstrual irregularities, amenorrhea, infertility, or gastrointestinal discomfort, headaches, weight gain, nervousness, low mood, skin hyperpigmentation, and acne, among others. Emergency contraception should not be used more than three times within a year, and only once per month.

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