04 Divergent Thinking History for 8th Grade

Author: Xi Yang Xiao Shao Ka Fen Ce Luo Quan Ying
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2004-04-01
Features: Divergent thinking, also known as divergent thinking, starts from a single point and extends in multiple directions to reach the goal of thinking. Illustrated graphically, it is like a beam of rays emitted from a point toward the knowledge network space, forming connections between two or more knowledge points. It includes horizontal thinking, reverse thinking, and multi-directional thinking. Divergent thinking is characterized by multi-directionality, flexibility, fluency, and uniqueness, focusing on different approaches and solutions when thinking about problems. It explores the same issue from different directions, perspectives, and levels, horizontally expanding and inversely deepening, employing methods such as exploration, transformation, variation, transfer, construction, deformation, combination, and decomposition. This helps open students' minds, unleash their potential, and enhance their qualities, which is crucial for cultivating creative talents.
This series of books strives to align closely with the entire teaching process, focusing on cultivating students' creative thinking abilities, enhancing their flexibility and expansiveness of thought, and improving their ability to solve practical problems. To achieve this, we closely connect with students' learning realities and comprehensively reflect the questions from recent national college entrance exams and provincial and municipal middle school entrance exams. Based on the teaching syllabus and current textbooks, it covers from the first to the second year of high school, synchronized with each chapter or unit of the current textbooks. The basic objective is to enable students to use goal management methods, grasp key learning points and directions, and study each chapter with a clear purpose and expected outcomes.
The "Basic Knowledge Guide" provides a concise overview of the intrinsic knowledge system of each chapter and offers insightful analysis of the knowledge points for the middle school and college entrance exams. The "Key and Difficult Points Guidance" highlights the key and challenging aspects, serving as the main thread for developing divergent thinking. The "Divergent Thinking Practice" is the core structure of this series, divided into the following two parts:
"Divergent Thinking Analysis" starts from knowledge points, key points, and difficult points to analyze the content and relationships of the chapter (or unit), revealing the laws of thinking and solving problems through divergent thinking methods to achieve a comprehensive understanding.
"Divergent Thinking Application" selects typical examples, using multi-angle, multi-aspect, and multi-level divergent thinking for key problems to analyze and cultivate students' abilities in conceptual differentiation, comprehensive summarization, transformation, thinking transfer, reverse application, experimental design, writing expression, and multi-solution flexibility.
"Consolidation and Ability Improvement Exercises" help students assess their classroom learning outcomes, while parents can use them to evaluate students' mastery of knowledge in each chapter of the textbook.
This book employs the following types of divergent thinking:
- Type Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that transforms typical problems into different formats.
- Solution Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that trains students through methods like "one problem, multiple solutions" and "multiple problems, one solution."
- Vertical and Horizontal Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that connects two or more divergence points, as well as divergence points with other knowledge points, using examples to form divergent thinking.
- Transformation Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that changes the form while preserving the essence of the original proposition.
- Combination Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that combines multiple divergence points.
- Transfer Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that solves new situational problems using information or method transfer.
- Scattering Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that breaks down a complex proposition into simpler ones and analyzes them individually.
- Reverse Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that thinks from the goal back to the conditions.
- Creative Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that overcomes fixed thinking patterns and solves problems unconventionally.
- Comprehensive Divergence: A type of divergent thinking that integrates connections between divergence points across different chapters of the textbook and between different subjects.
In summary, this series of books progresses from simple to complex, with in-depth analysis and extensive practice, bringing students' review and exam preparation closer to real-world applications, thereby enhancing their ability to flexibly apply knowledge, improve transferable and adaptive skills, and develop creative thinking abilities.