What is the reason for menstruation after menopause?

Patient's question:

Over the past year, my period hasn't come at all. Many people have said I'm menopausal. I've been feeling heavy and bloated in my lower abdomen. The day before yesterday, there was suddenly blood in my underwear, and it wasn't just a little—there was bleeding for two days before it stopped. After researching, most sources suggest it's still my period. I also have poor sleep and tend to sweat easily.
What kind of help do I need: What could cause a period after menopause?

Doctor's answer:

Postmenopausal bleeding may be caused by diseases such as those affecting the vulva, vagina, uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. The underlying causes can include infectious, endocrine (endogenous or iatrogenic), traumatic, foreign body-related, or even systemic bleeding disorders. These conditions can be either benign, malignant, or non-organic.
Regarding your situation, the specific cause can be determined through careful examinations such as ultrasound and endocrine tests at a hospital. This will help in considering the appropriate treatment approach. It is recommended to seek diagnosis and treatment at a reputable hospital. For hospital selection, it is advisable to choose a top-tier hospital (e.g., a "Grade III-A" hospital) to ensure expert qualifications, advanced technology, and well-equipped facilities.

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