What tests should be done for male infertility?

Patient's question:

I've been divorced from my wife for 3 years. She hasn't been able to get pregnant all this time. Before the divorce, I didn't even notice, but actually my wife is physically fine. It's my problem. What tests should be carefully checked for male infertility?

Doctor's answer:

The causes of male infertility are mostly due to abnormal sperm, so the first step is to undergo a routine semen analysis. There are multiple factors that can affect sperm, including:
1. Urogenital infections such as prostatitis.
2. Varicocele.
3. Endocrine disorders.
4. Anti-sperm antibodies.
5. Deficiency of trace elements.
6. Testicular disorders, including abnormal testes, testicular injury, orchitis, epididymitis, impaired spermatogenesis, and environmental factors.

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