Patient's question:
How is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) formed, and how is it treated?Doctor's answer:
1. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a syndrome characterized by chronic anovulation, amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea, infertility, obesity, hirsutism, and polycystic enlargement of the ovaries. It is the final ovarian pathological change caused by dysfunction of the endocrine axis.2. The etiology of PCOS has not yet been definitively determined, but it is generally believed to be related to the following aspects:
① Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. It is generally considered that dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is the initial triggering factor of this syndrome, leading to abnormal synthesis of steroid hormones by the ovaries and causing chronic anovulation.
② Adrenal cortical dysfunction. Adrenal dysfunction can affect the abnormal relationship and secretion of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis.
③ Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are common manifestations of PCOS.
④ Abnormal local autocrine/paracrine regulatory mechanisms in the ovaries. Due to abnormal local autocrine/paracrine regulatory mechanisms in the ovaries, the selection of dominant follicles is hindered, which is also a cause of PCOS.
⑤ Genetic factors. Some scholars believe that PCOS is a genetic disease.
⑥ Hyperprolactinemia. Approximately 20%-30% of PCOS patients have hyperprolactinemia.
The initial neuroendocrine changes in PCOS include an increase in the frequency and amplitude of GnRH-GnH release, as well as an elevated LH/FSH ratio.
3. Treatment. There are non-surgical comprehensive treatments and surgical treatments.
Specific treatment depends on the individual circumstances of each patient. Professional physicians should conduct correct analysis and evaluation to develop a treatment plan tailored to the patient's condition.