How should nipple discharge be treated?

Patient's question:

I have already had children for several years. At that time, the child didn't breastfeed because there wasn't much breast milk, so the child grew up on formula. But why, after having children for several years, should nipple leakage be treated? Should I go to the hospital for a thorough examination?

Doctor's answer:

If there is milk secretion during non-lactation, common causes include hyperprolactinemia, pituitary tumors, etc. This can be confirmed through a thorough examination of six sex hormones and a cranial magnetic resonance imaging. If the results suggest a pituitary tumor and the tumor is large, surgery is required to remove it, along with the use of medication to effectively suppress prolactin growth. If the lactation presents as bloody discharge, it should be cautious of the possibility of breast malignancy, and attention should be paid to the cleanliness and hygiene of the nipple.

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