Ground meteorological observation specification

Author: China Meteorological Administration
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2003-11-01
Features: This specification is applicable to both automatic observation methods and manual observation methods. It also considers the needs of China's meteorological sector to expand its service areas and the current development of new ground meteorological observation technologies. This specification incorporates the main content of the "Ground Meteorological Observation Specification" issued in 1979, maintaining a certain degree of continuity in observation methods. It standardizes the technical requirements and observation methods of automatic weather stations, covers the content of the "Meteorological Radiation Observation Methods" issued in 1996, and adds new observations required for sandstorm weather forecasts, such as ground condition observations, minimum visibility, and grass surface (snow surface) temperature observations. Based on service needs and technological advancements, the measurement range of some observation elements has been expanded, outdated observation items and content have been discarded, and some content and calculation formulas have been aligned with the WMO "Meteorological Instruments and Observing Methods Manual." Therefore, this specification is not only applicable to various types of ground meteorological observation stations in China's meteorological sector with different observation methods but can also be referenced by ground meteorological observation stations in different professional fields of other departments. This specification specifies the basic tasks, observation methods, technical requirements, and processing methods of ground meteorological observation records. The specific installation, operation, and maintenance of various automated equipment, as well as the specific usage methods of ground meteorological observation and reporting business software, are stipulated in corresponding user manuals and serve as important supplements to this specification. In the future, new observation methods and technical requirements for ground meteorological observation items will be formulated based on the needs of meteorological business and services, and these will be supplemented to this specification in the form of a "Supplement."