What are the causes and treatments for candidal vulvovaginitis?

Patient's question:

Doctor, I heard from my colleague that she has developed candidiasis of the vagina. The images taken seem quite severe. She has been treated at that hospital for some time, but there has been no improvement at all. She wants to know how this condition is caused, how to treat it effectively, and how to cure it completely.

Doctor's answer:

Hello, candidiasis is a vaginal infection caused by the fungus Candida albicans. It has a high incidence rate and is prone to recurrence, making it a common gynecological condition. The clinical manifestations of candidiasis primarily include external genital itching and changes in the amount and characteristics of vaginal discharge. Treatment commonly uses Jieshu Liquid, 2% sodium bicarbonate for washing the external genitalia and vagina, and local application of antifungal medications such as Daxin and miconazole nitrate suppositories. In recent years, incomplete treatment or deep vaginal infections can lead to recurrence. For recurrent vaginal infections, oral medication is highly effective for prevention. Commonly used oral antifungal medications include fluconazole and itraconazole capsules, taken once every 2–4 weeks for 3–6 months. Symptoms can be completely controlled, and monthly premenstrual reexaminations are recommended. If the results are negative for three consecutive months, it is considered cured. During treatment, sexual intercourse is strictly prohibited, and both partners should be treated simultaneously.

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