What is the difference between breast tenderness during pregnancy and before menstruation?

Patient's question:

Good friend is 28 years old, menstruation has been delayed for more than ten days, and I don't know if it's pregnancy, quite nervous. Please ask: what is the difference between pregnancy and breast tenderness before menstruation?

Doctor's answer:

After pregnancy, breast tenderness and nipple pain may occur, the areola may shrink and its color may fade. In the later stages of pregnancy, the breasts may also gradually decrease in size. This is due to the gradual decline of estrogen in the body after pregnancy, which is also preparing for future breastfeeding.
Before menstruation, breast tenderness is characterized by a sense of tenderness throughout the chest, without changes in the breast, nipple, or areola. This is often caused by premenstrual syndrome or hyperplasia of the breast lobules. Therefore, the two conditions are completely different.

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