Sweet (Hot) Pepper High Yield 100 Questions

Author: Fan Yanqin
Editor-in-Chief: Zhao Xia / et al.
Publisher:
Publish Date: 1999-09-01
Features:
Fragment: The fruit of chili peppers can also be used medicinally, and the stems and seeds can also be used as medicine. It is pungent and hot in nature, entering the stomach and intestines. It can warm the center, dispel cold, stimulate the appetite, and increase food intake. It enters the heart and spleen meridians, has the effects of warming the center, lowering Qi, dispelling cold, and eliminating dampness. It can treat symptoms such as cold stagnation abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, indigestion, frostbite, and scabies. The above medical functions are mainly due to the effects of capsaicin.
3. What is the current production status and main problems of sweet (hot) peppers? Currently, sweet (hot) pepper cultivation has spread worldwide. According to statistics from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, the main producing countries of sweet (hot) peppers are China, Nigeria, Turkey, Spain, Mexico, Romania, Italy, and Indonesia, among others. Countries in cold zones primarily cultivate sweet peppers, while those in tropical and subtropical regions primarily cultivate chili peppers. In China, sweet pepper production is mainly concentrated in northern and southeastern coastal provinces of East China, while chili pepper cultivation is dominant in southwestern, northwestern, central, and southern coastal regions. In recent years, China's sweet (hot) pepper production and supply have broken the pattern of local production and local supply, with rapidly expanding planting areas. From 16.8 million hectares in 1989, the area increased to 33.3 million hectares, including 13.3 million hectares of sweet peppers and 20 million hectares of chili peppers, forming many sweet (hot) pepper production bases. For example, southern China's "vegetables shipped north" bases, such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Hainan Island, have extensively developed winter-spring sweet pepper cultivation, transporting large quantities to Beijing, Tianjin, northern China, and northeastern regions during the New Year's and Spring Festival periods. Bases like Zhangjiakou and Chengde, which focus on off-season vegetable production, primarily cultivate spring-planted fall (summer) sweet peppers, supplying Beijing, Tianjin, and northern China during the low-season period from August to September.
Cultivation methods have seen significant development in protected production, in addition to traditional open-field cultivation, resulting in greatly improved yield levels and economic benefits. Varieties and cultivation methods have diversified, meeting the market's year-round supply needs and increasing the income of.
Due to the rapid expansion of sweet (hot) pepper cultivation areas and the formation of large-scale, concentrated, specialized production zones, monoculture and repeated cropping year after year have led to the rapid spread of diseases, particularly in older vegetable production areas. Compounded by poor infrastructure and low disaster resistance in vegetable fields, without effective comprehensive agricultural measures, serious pest and disease outbreaks and significant yield declines are inevitable within a few years. Therefore, production requires selecting disease-resistant high-yield varieties, transitioning from extensive to intensive management, practicing precision cultivation, developing protected production, improving field climate, and adopting effective comprehensive agricultural measures to mitigate yield and quality losses caused by pests and diseases.