Practice freedom

Author: Qin Hui
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2004-11-01
Features: "The higher the profile, the more one must discipline oneself and avoid judging others too harshly; high status is harmless. The lower the profile, as long as one does not cross the line and can uphold it, low status is acceptable." To constrain administrative power, public opinion supervision over the powerful actually cannot rely on the "presumption of error" principle, which means the powerful must bear the "burden of proof" in public opinion, proving themselves innocent if they cannot. Otherwise, they are deemed guilty. In other words, when the powerful act as the "defendant" in public opinion, they cannot demand that the weak critics bear the burden of proving wrongdoing. Property rights reform itself is merely a process of establishing transaction rights (i.e., the "property rights" themselves). What it can solve is the legitimacy and credibility of the established transaction rights, only then can the issue of "reducing transaction costs" be discussed. If the priorities are reversed, using the excuse of reducing transaction costs to undermine the legitimacy of rights establishment, it will create hidden risks for future credibility, ultimately possibly increasing transaction costs instead.