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Hello, Turner syndrome, also known as partial gonadal dysgenesis, is a congenital disease caused by chromosomal abnormalities. Due to abnormal sex chromosomes, the ovaries cannot grow and develop, resulting in streak-like fibrous tissue in the ovaries, the absence of primordial follicles, and no oocytes. This leads to a lack of female hormones, causing the failure of secondary sexual characteristics to develop and primary amenorrhea. It is the only monosomy syndrome in humans that can survive. The abnormal karyotypes include: 45,XO is the most common type, with 95% of natural miscarriages being eliminated, and only a small number survive birth. It has typical clinical manifestations. 45,X/46,XX, the mosaic type, accounts for about 25% of this syndrome. 46,Xdel(Xp) or 46,Xdel(Xq), which is a deletion of the short arm or long arm of one X chromosome, respectively. 46,Xi(Xq), which is a deletion of the short arm of one X chromosome, forming an isochromosome. Typical Turner syndrome presents with short stature, low weight, significant edema of the hands and feet, loose skin on the sides of the neck, and slow growth in height after birth. Adult height is approximately 135-140 cm. Its main clinical features are female characteristics, a low hairline, 50% having a webbed neck, pectoral shield, widened nipple spacing, cubitus valgus, and multiple nevi, etc. About 35% of children have heart defects, with aortic stenosis being the most common. Additionally, kidney abnormalities such as horseshoe kidney, ectopic kidney, and hydronephrosis can be seen. There are also nail dysplasia, short fourth and fifth metacarpals, and multiple nevi, etc. The external genitalia of children remain infantile, with underdeveloped labia minora and an imperceptible uterus. Most children have normal intelligence and are often seen due to growth delay and the absence of sexual characteristics during puberty. Generally, it is recommended to perform chromosomal testing combined with clinical manifestations for a definitive diagnosis.