Government and Public Institution Accounting (Second Edition) (Second Edition)

Author: Wang Qingcheng
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2004-01-01
Features: Accounting, according to whether the accounting entity engages in business activities, can be divided into two major systems: corporate accounting and non-corporate accounting. Non-corporate accounting (formerly known as budget accounting in China) is classified into government accounting and non-profit organization accounting based on the functions of the accounting entity. Government accounting primarily consists of government general budget accounting and administrative unit accounting, in addition to the accounting of entities participating in the general budget execution (e.g., treasury accounting, revenue collection accounting), government fund accounting, and fiscal trust fund accounting. Non-profit organization accounting includes public non-profit organization accounting (i.e., public institution accounting) and private non-profit organization accounting. The content of this book, Government and Public Institution Accounting, covers government general budget accounting, administrative unit accounting, and public institution accounting. As for the other components of government and non-profit organization accounting, they require separate study. Government and Public Institution Accounting was written in 1997 and published in 1998. Over the past five years, major reforms have been implemented in China's public finance framework under the budget management system (such as the preparation of departmental budgets, the implementation of government procurement, the establishment of a unified treasury payment system, and the deepening of the two-line revenue and expenditure reform). Significant changes have occurred in the systems and operational models of administrative and public institutions, and the issue of market risk prevention has become increasingly prominent in fiscal, administrative, and public institutions. The demand for budget management and accounting treatment in accordance with international practices has grown increasingly urgent. The changes in the accounting environment of governments and public institutions, as well as the evolution of the content and methods of financial operations, have made our previous textbooks unsuitable and necessitated revisions. However, the current round of reforms in government and public institution accounting is underway, and new accounting standards and systems have not yet been issued. Therefore, based on the original accounting standards and systems, we have independently formulated the accounting subject names, usage methods of subjects, and accounting report formats of relevant entities, in accordance with the new budget management system and corresponding accounting methods. The revision of the textbook differs from writing a paper; adjustments and improvements for practical issues can only progress gradually. The book adopts the following principle for handling certain outdated aspects of past government and public institution accounting: issues urgently requiring reform and already identified are addressed first, while changes that are not yet feasible under current conditions are left unaltered.