What are the symptoms of hip dislocation?

Patient's question:

Developmental dysplasia of the hip

Doctor's answer:

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), also known as congenital hip dysplasia, is formed at birth. The main cause is that during the second to third month of pregnancy, when the fetal hip joint is developing, the mother's cold, fever, or other illnesses cause a temporary halt in fetal growth, leading to abnormal joint development and resulting in dislocation. The ratio of affected males to females is approximately 1:5, and when girls are born, young parents must pay attention to checking for this condition.
The main pathological features of congenital hip dysplasia are:
① Tension and contracture of the iliofemoral muscle, compressing the inlet of the acetabulum;
② Deformation of the joint capsule, resembling a gourd shape;
③ Deformation of the femoral head and neck, primarily including an elliptical femoral head, a short femoral neck, and an increased anterior tilt angle of the femoral neck;
④ Deformation of the acetabulum, mainly including a shallow and small acetabular fossa, a triangular shape, an increased acetabular index, and invagination of the labrum;
⑤ Thickening and elongation of the round ligament, as well as degeneration of articular cartilage, etc.