Patient's question:
June cough. Dry cough. Tears. Low fever not subsiding. Coma. Third day after vaccination. Previous treatment and effectiveness: Took fever reducer, no effect. What kind of assistance is needed: Why is this happening...Doctor's answer:
Understanding that after vaccination, most children have no or very mild reactions. A small portion of children may experience mild adverse reactions again, some of which are normal reactions, including local and systemic reactions. Local reactions include redness, swelling, heat, pain, or enlargement of local lymph nodes. Systemic reactions include chills, fever, headache, reduced appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, etc. These conditions generally do not require treatment. Simply allowing the child to drink more water and increase movement will cause these reactions to disappear within 1 to 2 days.Abnormal reactions may occur concurrently or successively with the above general reactions, but only affect a small number of individuals or a few people. The occurrence of abnormal reactions is closely related to the type of vaccine and the recipient's physical constitution. Abnormal reactions include the following three types:
1) Angioneurotic edema and anaphylactic shock;
2) Neurological reactions;
3) Fainting after vaccination, etc.
Although the incidence of abnormal reactions is very low, parents should still pay attention to whether their child is highly mentally tense or has an allergic constitution. If fainting or anaphylactic shock occurs, the child should be laid flat, given warm water or sugar water orally, and the head should be lowered. Appropriate emergency symptomatic measures should also be taken.
After vaccination, the child may also coincidentally develop other diseases. One situation is that the vaccinated individual is in the incubation period of an acute infectious disease and becomes ill shortly after vaccination. Another possibility is that the vaccinated individual already has a certain disease, but the clinical symptoms are not obvious. After vaccination, the symptoms may become more apparent or mild. Some chronic patients may experience symptom relief or acute recurrence after vaccination. These situations are collectively referred to as coincidental or induced. Coincidental or induced diseases are accidents, and some people mistakenly confuse these conditions with vaccination reactions.
Children do not necessarily develop fever after vaccination, depending on the type of vaccine. Some vaccines, such as BCG and oral polio vaccine, will never cause fever. However, vaccines like "DTP," typhoid, paratyphoid, Japanese encephalitis, and meningococcal vaccine may cause some children to develop fever. About one week after receiving the measles vaccine, a very small number of children may have a fever for a few days. The fever caused by vaccination is generally not very high. If the temperature is particularly high, a thorough examination should be conducted, and close attention should be paid to whether there are any other secondary diseases to detect and treat them promptly.
Mostly, vaccination will not cause severe reactions, but due to differences in each child's physical constitution, various reactions of different severity may occur after vaccination. The main reactions are local and systemic reactions, and allergic reactions are rare. To ensure safety and reduce reactions, all vaccinations must be administered when the child is healthy. If the child is sick, vaccination should be postponed. For example, do not administer the DTP, pertussis, and tetanus combination vaccine when the child has a fever; do not give the oral polio vaccine when the child has nausea or vomiting; and do not administer vaccinations on an empty stomach to avoid hypoglycemia and other severe reactions. Avoid strenuous exercise for 2 to 3 days after taking medication and maintain cleanliness at the vaccination site. Avoid soaking in baths to prevent local infection.
Post-vaccination care: After vaccination, enhance the following aspects of care:
- Rest well and avoid excessive running and jumping.
- Keep the vaccination site clean and avoid scratching with your hands.
- Avoid spicy foods such as garlic and chili.
- Drink plenty of warm water.
- Parents should closely observe the child's reactions after vaccination.