How to distinguish between hypocalcemia and epilepsy

Patient's question:

Because of the unexplained tetany of the limbs, it lasts for several seconds each time it recurs. During the recurrence, he spits foam, his eyes roll back, and then he becomes vacant, his whole body becomes weak. After the recurrence, he seems unaware of this situation, and his family is very anxious. What kind of assistance is needed: Hello, is the condition of my nephew low calcium or epilepsy? How can it be differentiated?

Doctor's answer:

The symptoms of epilepsy are varied and diverse. The most typical symptoms of epilepsy include generalized convulsions and foaming at the mouth. However, in clinical diagnosis, the recurrence of these symptoms is not solely indicative of an epileptic seizure; hypocalcemia can also cause generalized convulsions. But the convulsions induced by hypocalcemia are characterized by wrist flexion, finger rigidity, the thumb pressed against the palm, and arched feet. Rickets caused by severe vitamin D deficiency is often accompanied by night crying and chest deformities. Without any impairment of consciousness and a normal EEG, appropriate calcium and vitamin D supplementation can lead to rapid treatment.

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